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어제 제이케팅 쳇 지피티에게 논문 각 영역을 긁어 넣고 질문 5개와 답변을 만들어봤다. 지난 주에 외국 분들 만나보니까 2월 부터 연습했던 논문 내용 설명하는것이 입에 붙어서 좋았는데 ppt 안 보고 말하는 것도 한번 더 해보면 좋을 것 같아서 만들었다. 오늘 하지는 못 했고 오늘 남은 부분과 qna를 다음시간에 하기로 했다. ( 이번에 만나봐도 각잡고 발표 하는 것 아니면, 주로 밥먹으면서나 이동하면서 이런 이야기를 하게 되니까 간단한 qna도 연습할 필요가 있어 보였다. 작년에는 영국에 3박 4일간 밤에 2차 3차 술자리에서도. 다들 어렵게 모인 학회니까 자기 연구 남의 연구 이야기 하고 듣고 아이디어 얻고 같이 연구하자고 의기투합해서 실제로 연구하고 그런 자리들이다. 뭐 엄청 각잡고 말하는 건 아닌데 누가 물어보면 내 연구는 더듬거리지 말고 말 해야 당황하지 않으니까. ) 어제 이거 만들다가 쳇지피티가 엉뚱한 답을 하는 바람에 의외로 시간이 많이 걸려서 결국 제대로 읽어보지도 못 했는데, 지난 번에 새넌과 한번 하고 한번 더 리뷰해서 총 2번 했던 거고 해서 그다지 낯설지는 않았고, 아침에 억지로 30분 전에 일어나서 폰에 스크립트 열어놓고 중얼대보긴했다. ​캠블리 수업시간되어서 나중에 추가하기로 하고 여기까지 우선 씀. ​오늘은 모찌님 컴퓨터가 말썽이라 내 수업 끝나면 재부팅 해야하니 풀로 한시간은 못 할거 같다고 하는 시점에서 수업 마쳤다. 약 50분? 알찬 수업. 다음에 이어 하자고 하는 등 이제 약간 얼굴은 익힌듯. ​​-- 내노트​5 라고 해 주고 나서 셀프리포트라고 하고 설명하는 게 좋다% of participatns% reported ACE에이]시]이ACEs in the list in case of anandonment =when, ifin the&quotcase of abandment =they differ by gende ------- 23 컬럼 - top roweach roweach colum 보다는 reported several evidences 안됨a lot of evidence , water와 같음 most common 스카이 라켓팅리 쓰지말고, 스카이라케팅 버브로 쓰거나 , 핼스 스카이라케티드드래스티컬리 퍼포먼스 아토마이즈드 *** 아로미제이션이부분 딕테이션 된거 나중에 적어두자 ---------------------------------​튜터 노트 , 구글닥, 링글닥(?) I do not need the feedback form.Slide 17 results Slide 18 I will be presenting the demographic characteristics of the respondents from our study. Our sample consisted of 3,547 students from various schools. We found that there were more girls (56.9%) than boys (43.1%) among the respondents, with a total of 2,024 and 1,523 respectively. In terms of age, the average age of our respondents was 13.77 years, with a standard deviation of 2.23. We also analyzed the sample based on the type of school they attended. We found that 49.2% of the respondents were elementary students (n=1,751), 33.9% were middle school students (n=1,206), and 16.8% were high school students (n=599). We also examined the socioeconomic status (SES) of our respondents. We discovered that the majority of the respondents (53.5%, n=1,901) were at the middle level, while 28.6% (n=1,016) were at the high-middle 제이케팅 level. Lastly, we categorized the respondents based on their academic achievement. We found that 34.1% (n=1,212) of the respondents were classified as middle level, while 30.7% (n=1,092) were considered high-middle-level. In summary, our study included a diverse sample of students in terms of gender, age, type of school, SES, and academic achievement. We hope that these findings will be useful in informing future research and policy decisions. Participants were also shown a socioeconomic status scale with 5 options, High, Middle-High, Middle, Low-Middle, and Low and then asked to self-identify their own socio-economic status. Just as they did with their socioeconomic status, participants were asked to self-identify on a scale showing academic performance as a member of one of 5 groups sharing the names of the SES categories previously mentioned Slide 19 &ampSlide 20 graph Our study found that 23.5% of respondents reported at least one ACE and 1.8% reported experiencing four or more ACEs. Interestingly, we found that boys reported more ACEs than girls. 1.8% of students reported... ACE =leave a gap between Cee and Ee, we should hear 2 pulses Slide 21 &ampSlide 22 graph The most common types of ACEs were emotional abuse and physical abuse. It was concerning to learn that a total of 13.2% (n 𽑨) respondents reported being victims of emotional abuse, 7.7% (n 𽉵) reported being victims of abandonment, and 7.5% (n 𽉨) reported experiencing physical abuse. Of all young children, 4.6% (n 𽅤) reported experiencing a lack of affection (n 𽅤). A total of 2.2% (n 㵸) respondents reported living with a household member who had a substance abuse problem, and 2.1% (n 㵵) reported having a household member with mental health issues. Among them, 1.8% (n 㵥) of respondents reported being victims of domestic violence, followed by 1.3% (n 㵇) who were victims of sexual abuse. Another 1.1% (n 㴹) reported experiencing neglect. Few children reported that they lived with a household member who had been to prison (3.6%, n 㴤) There are 10 items in the list of ACEs In the (very important) case of abandonment, girls reported higher rates than boys. They differ by the genders gender Slide 23 ACE and Stress Additionally, the self-reported measures of stress were associated with the ACE score There are ten items on the rows and ten ACEs on the left columnThere are ten items on the rows and ten ACEs on the left columnWe can see ten items on the top row and ten ACEs 제이케팅 in the left column Slide 24 Discussion Slide 25 we will be discussing the prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) among children and adolescents. Our study found that 23.5% of children reported experiencing at least one ACE. This is consistent with the 2007 Minnesota Student Survey, which reported that 28.9% of students had experienced at least one ACE. However, the research from the 2011/2012 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) found that a higher proportion of adolescents, 56% of 33,747, had experienced at least one ACE. We also found that 23.5% of students had experienced more than one ACE, which is similar to the findings from a US community study where self-reporting among the community samples found a similar prevalence. Finally, studies from high-risk populations reported a higher prevalence of ACEs than in our community sample. This highlights the need for further research to better understand ACEs and their impact on different populations. Slide 26 We will be discussing Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and their impact on boys and girls. Our study found that boys accounted for 25.5% and girls were reported as 22.7%. However, there were significant gender differences in specific types of ACEs experienced. Boys reported more emotional abuse (14.4%) than girls (12.3%), while girls reported more abandonment experience (8.8%) than boys (6.4%). ​​Boys showed reported more emotional abuse than girls Slide 27 other studies A UK cohort study with a sample size of 9,959 found that the distribution of ACE scores was similar between boys and girls. Another study conducted in resource-poor neighborhoods with 1,284 adolescents aged 10-14 reported that boys had a higher exposure to physical neglect (32.95%), violence victimization (52.27%), and sexual abuse (8.77%) than girls. A community-based study of high school seniors (n=1,093) from US public schools found that sexual abuse had a more detrimental impact on boys than girls.​다른 버전 Our findings are consistent with some studies but differ from others. For example, a UK cohort study of children aged 0-16 years found similar distribution of ACE scores between boys and girls. ​However, reports from adolescents in resource-poor neighborhoods found that boys had more exposure to physical neglect, violence victimization, and sexual abuse than girls. Another community-based study of high school seniors from the US found that sexual abuse had a more detrimental impact on boys than girls. ​One study from the UK. Slide 28 Despite this, the 2007 Minnesota Student Survey showed that girls more commonly reported all types of ACEs, while boys were 제이케팅 least likely to report household dysfunction and experiences of abuse. It's important to note that the associated risks of ACEs differ between boys and girls. Boys who had experienced ACEs were more likely to engage in antisocial behavior early in young adulthood than girls with similar ACEs. However, early ACE surveys indicated that females more frequently reported ACEs in the clinic-based sample, but the difference was not statistically significant.​. There is several evidences a lot of evidence that ​​다른 버전​On slide 28, we have information from the 2007 Minnesota Student Survey, which found that girls were more likely to report all types of ACEs. However, boys were least likely to report household dysfunction and experiences of abuse. Boys who experienced ACEs were also found to be more likely to engage in antisocial behavior early in young adulthood than girls with similar ACEs Slide 29 In our study, we found that the most common ACEs reported by our respondents were emotional abuse, with 13.16% of all respondents reporting this type of ACE. Interestingly, we also found that boys (14.4%) were more likely to report experiencing emotional abuse than girls (12.3%). This is consistent with a UK cohort study that found the prevalence of emotional neglect was higher in boys (26.5%) than in girls (21.2%). Additionally, in a larger study of over 60,000 respondents, emotional abuse was identified as the most common type of ACE, with a prevalence of 33%. slide 30​We also looked at data from adolescents aged 10-14 years old in 14 countries, and found that emotional abuse was the most commonly reported ACE, with 51.87% of respondents reporting this type of abuse. Emotional abuse has been associated with the highest predictor of attempted suicide and depressive disorders. This is particularly concerning in Korea, where the suicide rate and proportion of adolescents who attempt suicide have been gradually increasing. We also found that emotional abuse was related to internalizing problems in adolescents. Overall, our findings suggest that emotional abuse is a significant issue that needs more attention in future research. Skyrocketingly drastically The rate is skyrocketing&quot Slide 31 Our study found that exposure to adverse experiences is highly correlated with various stress responses. This is consistent with previous research which has shown that children who experience ACEs such as emotional or physical abuse, exposure to violence, or chronic neglect can develop stress responses. Several authors have found relationships between adverse experiences, stress, and health in children and adolescents. Our study's findings are 제이케팅 similar to a previous study which showed the effects of ACEs, perceived stress, and social support on the health of undergraduates. The study found that higher levels of ACEs were associated with greater stress levels and lower levels of social support. Additionally, ACEs can alter neurobiological processes which can increase sensitivity to stress. A prior study has suggested that ACEs may have developmental origins for adult mental health. Among the ACEs, maltreatment, social isolation, and low SES stand out as the contributing factors to inflammation, depression, and the clustering of metabolic risk markers. Overall, our study highlights the importance of understanding the impact of ACEs on stress responses and the potential long-term health consequences. Emotional abuse (33%) was identified the most commonly identified ACE among 60,598 respondents 여기까지 함 - 다음번 예습위하여 아래도 남겨둠​Slide 32 I want to talk about adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and their impact on our mental and physical health. Studies have shown that ACEs can lead to many negative outcomes, both in the short and long term. If left unaddressed, the effects of ACEs can even be passed down through generations. To prevent these adverse outcomes, it's crucial to take a trauma-informed approach to screening and assessing children who have experienced trauma.​ By providing early mental health interventions, we can mitigate the negative effects of ACEs and support healthy development in pediatric populations. But even if an individual is not currently experiencing ACEs, analyzing their history of ACEs can help prevent or mitigate the impact of future traumas. To achieve this, we need to improve the psychosocial environment for children and implement trauma-informed mental health policies. However, it's important to consider cultural factors and negative perceptions of mental health interventions in some communities. In Korea, for example, we need to develop programs that specifically target young children and promote the importance of early intervention. This will help prevent ACEs and promote healthier outcomes for future generations. Slide 33 Our study has several limitations that need to be considered. Firstly, the results were specific to one city district, so they may not be representative of other communities. Secondly, the participants in local children's community centers were not randomly selected, so selection bias could exist. Thirdly, the results were based on self-reporting of ACEs by children and adolescents, which means that the actual ACE conditions may have been underreported by respondents when completing the questionnaire. Slide 34 Despite these limitations, our findings have important implications for future research and youth 제이케팅 mental health prevention. Specifically, our results highlight the need for national universal screening of ACEs in children and adolescents to better understand the prevalence and impact of ACEs on mental health. Additionally, our study suggests the importance of assessments for planning prevention and intervention services for ACEs. We believe that understanding the extent of ACEs, their effects on mental health status, and the subsequent treatment process for prevention could be improved through retrospective research that demonstrates the correlation between mental health and ACEs in children. Further research should focus on developing evaluation and treatment systems that improve the mental health of children. Slide 35 Possible questions Slide 36 Introduction Q1: What are some examples of ACEs that you mentioned in your presentation? A1: Some examples of ACEs include emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical abuse, neglect, abandonment, lack of affection, domestic violence, mental health issues, use of alcohol or drugs, and imprisonment. Q2: How prevalent are ACEs among children in the United States? A2: Just under half (46%) of children in the United States have experienced at least one ACE, according to research. Q3: How do ACEs impact children's mental health? A3: ACEs are a risk factor for mental health disorders and can have negative effects such as chronic stress responses. The risks of developing a mental disorder, such as anxiety, depressed mood, posttraumatic stress disorder, suicide attempts, and substance abuse, are highest after ACEs. Q4: Why is it important to recognize factors that may help to protect children and adolescents from ACEs? A4: Because ACEs may lead to negative health and psychological effects, it is necessary to recognize factors that may help to protect children and adolescents from ACEs. Additionally, research findings have shown that a person's cumulative ACE score has a relationship over their lifetime to various health, social, and behavioral issues. Q5: What was the main focus of your study on the correlation between ACE and stress in Korean children and youth? A5: The main focus of our study was to examine the degree of ACE and correlation with stress in Korean children and youth, as investigations into understanding the adverse experiences of children and adolescents in Korea have been limited. We aimed to contribute to the prevention and treatment of somatic and mental conditions associated with ACEs in this population. Slide 37 QnA Method Q: Can you provide more information on the sample selection process? A: Yes, we selected subjects from a total of 23 elementary, middle, and high 제이케팅 schools and 11 local children's community centers in one city in Korea. We used multilevel cluster samples to extract schools and local children's community centers, and we excluded respondents who were missing survey data, resulting in a final sample size of 3,556.Q: What measurements were included in the study? A: The measurements included questionnaires concerning demographic characteristics such as sex, age, academic achievement, and socioeconomic status, as well as questions about the level of stress and ACEs. The SES and academic function were categorized into five levels according to the student's response. The survey was conducted from March to October 2017.Q: What is the ACEs study, and how was it used in this research? A: The ACEs study is a research conducted by the U.S. health maintenance organization Kaiser Permanente and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In our study, we used the ACEs questionnaire to measure childhood adversity. Ten categories of ACEs were included in the survey, and children and adolescents were asked if they had experienced each ACE category. We reported respondents as having an ACE score of 0 to 10, with each ACE counted as one.Q: How was the stress scale selected for the study? A: The stress scale was selected from the national survey questionnaire of National Youth Policy Institute in 2011. Assessment of type of the stress is a self-reported stresses such as the relationship with parents/siblings/friend/opposite gender/senior and junior/teacher, physical appearance, physical health, mental health, family circumstances (economic status), the difficulty of deciding the occupation (future plan), and academic function. In our study, we measured internal consistency using Cronbach's α, which was 0.880 for the total stress scale.Q: What was the internal consistency of the ACEs and stress scales in the study? A: The internal consistency of the ACEs scale was measured using Cronbach's α and was found to be 0.767 for the total ACEs scale. The internal consistency of the stress scale was also measured using Cronbach's α and was found to be 0.880 for the total stress scale. Slide 38 QnA Results Q: What were the most common ACEs reported by the respondents?A: The most common ACEs reported by the respondents were emotional abuse and physical abuse. Q: What percentage of the respondents reported experiencing four or more ACEs?A: 1.8% of the respondents reported experiencing four or more ACEs. Q: Were there any significant differences in ACE reporting between boys and girls?A: Boys reported more ACEs than girls. Specifically, 24.5% of boys reported 제이케팅 at least one ACE compared to 22.7% of girls. Q: What percentage of the respondents reported experiencing neglect?A: 1.1% of the respondents reported experiencing neglect. Q: Was there a relationship between self-reported measures of stress and the ACE score?A: Yes, there was a relationship between self-reported measures of stress and the ACE score. This can be seen in the supplementary table 2. Slide 39 QnA Discussion Audience question: What are the most prevalent types of ACEs in the Korean pediatric population?Presenter answer: Our study found that emotional abuse was the most common ACE reported by 13.16% of all respondents, with boys (14.4%) reporting more emotional abuse than girls (12.3%). Audience question: How do the prevalence rates of ACEs in the Korean pediatric population compare to other studies?Presenter answer: Our study found that 23.5% of children had at least one ACE. In comparison, a national survey in the US reported that 56% of 33,747 adolescents (ages 12-17 years) had experienced at least one ACE. However, the prevalence rates vary based on the population studied and the method of data collection. Audience question: Were there any differences in the prevalence of ACEs between boys and girls?Presenter answer: Yes, our study found that boys accounted for 25.5% of ACEs, while girls were reported as 22.7%. Boys reported more emotional abuse experience than girls, while girls reported more abandonment experience than boys. However, previous studies have shown inconsistent findings about ACE differences by sex. Audience question: How are ACEs correlated with mental health outcomes in the Korean pediatric population?Presenter answer: Our results showed that ACEs are correlated with stress responses in children and adolescents. This is consistent with previous research that found relationships between children's and adolescents➭verse experiences, stress, and health. Emotional abuse, in particular, was identified as the highest predictor of attempted suicide and depressive disorders. Audience question: What are the implications of these findings for future research and practice?Presenter answer: Our study suggests that the frequency and types of ACEs experienced by children and adolescents in Korea should be carefully considered as risk factors for mental health outcomes. Future research should explore the impact of ACEs on mental health outcomes in more depth and identify effective intervention strategies to mitigate the negative effects of ACEs. Practitioners and policymakers should also prioritize the prevention and early intervention of ACEs in pediatric populations. Slide 40 Thanks